Laura Schenker, David Sylvan, Jean-Louis Arcand, and Ravi Bhavnani. 2023. "Segregation and “Out-of-Placeness”: The Direct Effect of Neighborhood Racial Composition on Police Stops." Forthcoming in Political Research Quarterly.

Data availability statement:
This repository provides the data used in the referred article. The data are provided in final processed form, original sources for (raw) data are provided in this documentation. 

Index of data provided:

1. Stop, Question and Frisk Data
These data draw on detailed individual-stop records provided by the New York City Police Department. Data records from the NYPD Stop, Question, and Frisk database are available for download here: https://www.nyc.gov/site/nypd/stats/reports-analysis/stopfrisk.page. 

The data provided are aggregated at the precinct-quarter level. This matches the level of analysis used in the study. The data are provided in tabular form (.csv) and provide stop rates, by racial categories, by categories of stops, per 100,000 persons, per precinct, per quarter, for the period 2003-20. 

File: quarter_sqf.csv

List of related figures:
Figure 3. Stop Rates for Drug Transactions, Weapons, Crime-fitting, and Generic Reasons. 
Figure C1. Semi-parametric smooths of the relationship between the stop rate for drug transactions (upper six figures) and weapons (lower six figures) and the percentage African-American in the precinct, for the pre-2013 and post-2012 periods, by racial group. 
Figure C2. Semi-parametric smooths of the relationship between the stop rate for crime-fitting (upper six figures) and generic offenses (lower six figures) and the percentage African-American in the precinct, for the pre-2013 and post-2012 periods, by racial group. 

2. Census data
These data draw on block-level data from the 2010 and 2020 U.S. Censuses. The data provided are aggregated at the precinct-quarter level.  This matches the level of analysis used in the study. The data are provided in tabular form (.csv) and provide the percent of African-American, per precinct, per quarter, for the period 2003-20. 

File: NYPD_census.csv

List of related figures:
Figure 4. Percent of African-American Population and Violent Crime Index.
Figure C1. Semi-parametric smooths of the relationship between the stop rate for drug transactions (upper six figures) and weapons (lower six figures) and the percentage African-American in the precinct, for the pre-2013 and post-2012 periods, by racial group. 
Figure C2. Semi-parametric smooths of the relationship between the stop rate for crime-fitting (upper six figures) and generic offenses (lower six figures) and the percentage African-American in the precinct, for the pre-2013 and post-2012 periods, by racial group. 

3. Crime Data
These data draw on precinct-level crime data provided by the New York City Police Department. Historical New York City crime data are available for download here: https://www.nyc.gov/site/nypd/stats/crime-statistics/historical.page. 

The data provided are aggregated at the precinct-quarter level. This matches the level of analysis used in the study. The data are provided in tabular form (.csv) and provide violent crime rates per 100,000 persons, per precinct, per quarter, for the period 2003-20. 

File: NYPD_crime.csv

Related figure: Figure 4 Percent of African-American Population and Violent Crime Index.


4. Precinct shape files
We draw on publicly available data from NYC OpenData to obtain boundaries of police precincts. NYC OpenData precinct shape files are available for download here: https://data.cityofnewyork.us/Public-Safety/Police-Precincts/78dh-3ptz. The data are provided as .zip archives that contain all relevant shape file information.

File: NYPD_precincts.zip
